Date: Sat, 17 Sep 2011 14:07:59 +0900
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IBMが 2011年 1月 10日に出願した特許書類が、2011年 9月 8日に公開され
ました (特許成立ではありません):
Title: MULTI-PETASCALE HIGHLY EFFICIENT PARALLEL SUPERCOMPUTER
United States Patent Application: 20110219208
Kind Code: A1
Inventors: Asaad; Sameh ; et al.
Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
Publication Date: September 8, 2011
Filed Date: January 10, 2011
http://appft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=PG01&s1=20110219208&OS=20110219208&RS=20110219208
※↑The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)
Imagesをクリックすると出願書類イメージとなるはずですが、私の場合
ブラウザー (Chrome) との相性問題か、分量の問題かで上手くいきません。
※A4 (Letter?) で、649枚です。460枚程度は図表です。
※後述する民間サイトでも PDFファイルを入手出来ますが、画像 PDFなので
単語検索出来ません。上記 URLはフラット HTMLです (ただし読み難い)。
Abstract
"A Multi-Petascale Highly Efficient Parallel Supercomputer of
100 petaOPS-scale computing, at decreased cost, power and footprint,
and that allows for a maximum packaging density of processing nodes
from an interconnect point of view. The Supercomputer exploits
technological advances in VLSI that enables a computing model where
many processors can be integrated into a single Application Specific
Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Each ASIC computing node comprises
a system-on-chip ASIC utilizing four or more processors integrated
into one die, with each having full access to all system resources
and enabling adaptive partitioning of the processors to functions
such as compute or messaging I/O on an application by application
basis, and preferably, enable adaptive partitioning of functions
in accordance with various algorithmic phases within an application,
or if I/O or other processors are underutilized, then can participate
in computation or communication nodes are interconnected by a five
dimensional torus network with DMA that optimally maximize
the throughput of packet communications between nodes and minimize
latency."
Claims
※48項目
Description
SUMMARY (ほんの一部)
"A novel massively parallel supercomputer capable of achieving 107 petaflop
with up to 8,388,608 cores, or 524,288 nodes, or 512 racks is provided.
It is based upon System-On-a-Chip technology, where each processing node
comprises a single Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC).
The ASIC nodes are interconnected by a five-dimensional torus networks
that optimally maximize packet communications throughput and minimize
latency. The 5-D network includes a DMA (direct memory access) network
interface."
以下に Description項目の大部分とほんの一部の引用を列記しますが、正直
ザッと目を通して感じでは、特許文章というより、BlueGene/Q (出願書類でも
明記) の仕様資料に感じます。また CPU構成等、最新 Supercomputerの教科書
にも良いかもしれません (ただし、かなりのバックグランドが要求されます)。
※これを基に図面を整理して、IBM RedBooksで BleGene/Q解説書として提供
して頂けたらとってもハッピーです。
Description (大部分の項目とほんの一部の引用)
SUMMARY (上の引用はほんの一部だけ)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
"The present invention is directed to a next-generation massively
parallel supercomputer, hereinafter referred to as "BluGene"
or "BluGene/Q"."
Compute ASIC Node
I/O Node
Memory Hierarchy-L1 and L1P (かなりの分量)
Look-Up Engine
Hit Queue
Prefetch Data Array
Prefetch Directory
Look-Up and Stream Comparators
LIST Prefetch Comparators
Automatic Stream Detection, Manual Stream Touch
Prefetch-to-Demand-Fetch Conversion Engine
ECC and Parity
Processing Unit (かなりの分量)
L2 Cache
Memory Synchronization Unit
Levels of Synchronization
Full Sync
Non-Cumulative Barrier
Producer Sync
Generation Change Sync
Producer Generation Change Sync
Consumer Sync
Memory Synchronization Interface Unit
Full Sync
Non-Cumulative Barrier
Producer Sync
Generation Change Sync
Producer Generation Change Sync
Consumer Sync
Local Barrier
Physical Design
Software Interface
Long and Short Running Speculation
L1/L1P Hit Race Condition
Coherence
Speculation Model
Multithreading Model
Speculation IDs
Life Cycle of a Speculation ID
L2 as Point of Coherence
ID Ordering for Speculative Execution
Speculation ID Reclaim
Domains
Transactional Memory
Mode Switching
Memory Consistency
Commit Race Window Handling
Transition to Committed State
Thread ID Counters
Conflict Handling
Conflict Recording
Conflict Detection
TLS/TM/Rollback Management
Global Speculation ID Management
Processor Local Configuration
Larx/stcx
Atomic Operations (かなりの分量)
.....
Miscellaneous Memory-Mapped Devices
System Packaging
System Interconnect-Five Dimensional Torus
Reception
Packet Header and Routing
Interrupt Control
Network Support for System Initiated Checkpoint
Interrupts
Mode Changes
Multiple Tag Domains
Integer Operations
Floating Point Operations
Floating Point (FP) Min and Max
Floating Point ADD
Global Clock
Using Reproducibility to Debug a Multiprocessor System
Aspects Allowing a Multiprocessor System to Offer Reproducibility
Deterministic System Start State
A Single System Clock
System-Wide Phase Alignment
System-Wide Synchronization Events
Reproducibility of Component Execution
Deterministic Chip Interfaces
Precise Stopping of System State
Scanning of System State
Recording the Chronologically Exact Hardware Behavior (かなりの分量)
Cooling
"Blue Gene/Q racks are indirect water cooled."
Power Distribution
Power Management
System Software
Systems Software Overview
Light Weight-Kernel
ここまで、200枚程度
上記解説記事 (非常にコンパクトにまとめてあります)
"IBM Patent Filing Details First 100 PFlop Computer"
September 09, 2011, ConceivablyTech
http://www.conceivablytech.com/9303/products/ibm-patent-filing-details-first-100-pflop-computer
関連記事 (主として BlueGene/Qプロセッサの解説)
"IBM's BlueGene/Q super chip grows 18th core"
It's nice to have a spare
22nd August 2011, The Register
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/08/22/ibm_bluegene_q_chip/
"Hot Chips 23 - IBMがスパコンエンジンのBlue Gene/Qチップを発表"
2011/09/08, レポート、マイコミジャーナル
http://journal.mycom.co.jp/articles/2011/09/08/hot_chips23_ibm/index.html
"「京」スパコンシステムの詳細が明らかに"
2011/09/05, レポート、マイコミジャーナル
http://journal.mycom.co.jp/articles/2011/09/05/kei_supercomputer/index.html
SS研HPCフォーラム2011、2011年8月25日(木)
http://www.ssken.gr.jp/MAINSITE/activity/sectionmeeting/sci/2011-1/program.html
"次世代スパコン『京』について"
富士通(株) 追永勇次
プロフィール
http://www.ssken.gr.jp/MAINSITE/activity/sectionmeeting/sci/2011-1/profile_oinaga.pdf
講演要旨(9/2版)
http://www.ssken.gr.jp/MAINSITE/download/newsletter/2011/20110825-sci-1/lecture-5/paper.pdf
プレゼン資料(9/2版)
http://www.ssken.gr.jp/MAINSITE/download/newsletter/2011/20110825-sci-1/lecture-5/ppt.pdf
冒頭で触れた民間サイトですが、私は以下のサービスサイトを使用しています:
FreePatentsOnline
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/
該当申請資料 URL
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2011/0219208.html
※USPTOより読みやすいページに工夫されています。
以前は登録しないと PDFファイル入手は不可だったと思いますが、
今では普通にアクセスしても入手可能のようです。
★民間サービスサイトなので、アクセスログ等を解析しているでしょうから、
会社等からのアクセスは、個人的にはお勧めしません (それを言い出したら
USPTOはどうなの? ですが・・・)。
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